NCLEX-RN 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The immediate treatment for organophosphate poisoning is atropine sulfate. Organophosphates are a class of chemicals commonly found in pesticides, and they work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, leading to an accumulation of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions and autonomic synapses. This results in overstimulation of the cholinergic system, manifesting as symptoms such as salivation, lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, gastrointestinal distress, and muscle twitching.

Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that counteracts the effects of acetylcholine by blocking its receptors. By administering atropine sulfate, the excessive stimulation caused by organophosphate exposure is reduced, alleviating the symptoms and helping to stabilize the patient's condition. The dosage may need to be repeated to effectively manage the symptoms, especially if they are severe.

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist and is used primarily for opioid overdose; it does not have a role in treating organophosphate poisoning. Phentolamine mesylate is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist used primarily for the treatment of hypertension and specific types of shock; it does not address the cholinergic crisis brought on by organophosphate poisoning. Sodium bicarbonate